"""
Module for serialization and deserialization of APCI payloads.

APCI stands for Application Layer Protocol Control Information.

An APCI payload contains a service and payload. For example, a GroupValueWrite
is a service that takes a DPT as a value.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from enum import Enum
import struct
from typing import ClassVar, cast

from xknx.dpt import DPTArray, DPTBinary
from xknx.exceptions import ConversionError
from xknx.secure.data_secure_asdu import SecureData, SecurityControlField
from xknx.telegram.address import IndividualAddress


def encode_cmd_and_payload(
    cmd: APCIService | APCIUserService | APCIExtendedService,
    encoded_payload: int = 0,
    appended_payload: bytes | None = None,
) -> bytearray:
    """Encode cmd and payload."""
    data = bytearray(
        [
            (cmd.value >> 8) & 0b11,
            (cmd.value & 0xFF) | (encoded_payload & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK),
        ]
    )
    if appended_payload:
        data.extend(appended_payload)
    return data


class APCIService(Enum):
    """Enum class for APCI services."""

    GROUP_READ = 0x0000
    GROUP_RESPONSE = 0x0040
    GROUP_WRITE = 0x0080

    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_WRITE = 0x00C0
    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_READ = 0x0100
    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_RESPONSE = 0x140

    ADC_READ = 0x0180
    ADC_RESPONSE = 0x1C0

    MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE = 0x1FB
    MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE_RESPONSE = 0x1FC
    MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ = 0x1FD
    MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ_RESPONSE = 0x1FE

    MEMORY_READ = 0x0200
    MEMORY_RESPONSE = 0x0240
    MEMORY_WRITE = 0x0280

    USER_MESSAGE = 0x02C0

    DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_READ = 0x0300
    DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE = 0x0340

    RESTART = 0x0380

    ESCAPE = 0x03C0


class APCIUserService(Enum):
    """Enum class for user message APCI services."""

    USER_MEMORY_READ = 0x02C0
    USER_MEMORY_RESPONSE = 0x02C1
    USER_MEMORY_WRITE = 0x02C2

    USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_READ = 0x02C5
    USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_RESPONSE = 0x02C6

    FUNCTION_PROPERTY_COMMAND = 0x02C7
    FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_READ = 0x02C8
    FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_RESPONSE = 0x02C9


class APCIExtendedService(Enum):
    """Enum class for extended APCI services."""

    AUTHORIZE_REQUEST = 0x03D1
    AUTHORIZE_RESPONSE = 0x03D2

    PROPERTY_VALUE_READ = 0x03D5
    PROPERTY_VALUE_RESPONSE = 0x03D6
    PROPERTY_VALUE_WRITE = 0x03D7

    PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_READ = 0x03D8
    PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_RESPONSE = 0x03D9

    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_READ = 0x03DC
    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_RESPONSE = 0x03DD
    INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_WRITE = 0x03DE

    # DataSecure
    APCI_SEC = 0x03F1


class APCI(ABC):
    """
    Base class for ACPI services.

    This base class is only the interface for the derived classes.
    """

    CODE: ClassVar[APCIService | APCIUserService | APCIExtendedService] = cast(
        APCIService, None
    )

    @abstractmethod
    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload - to be implemented in derived class."""

    @abstractmethod
    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data - to be implemented in derived class."""
        # shall return bytearray instead of bytes so TPCI can be
        # added to first 6 bits of first byte later

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        """Equal operator."""
        if self.__class__ != other.__class__:
            return False
        return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__

    @classmethod
    @abstractmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> APCI:
        """
        Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data - to be implemented in derived class.

        `raw` shall be a complete APDU.
        Return APCI instance based on APCI service.

        There are only 16 possible APCI services. The
        `APCIService.USER_MESSAGE` and `APCIService.ESCAPE` service have
        several sub-services.
        """
        apci = (raw[0] * 256 + raw[1]) & 0x03FF
        service = apci & 0x03C0

        if service == APCIService.GROUP_READ.value:
            return GroupValueRead.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.GROUP_WRITE.value:
            return GroupValueWrite.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.GROUP_RESPONSE.value:
            return GroupValueResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_WRITE.value:
            return IndividualAddressWrite.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_READ.value:
            return IndividualAddressRead.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_RESPONSE.value:
            return IndividualAddressResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.ADC_READ.value:
            return ADCRead.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.ADC_RESPONSE.value:
            if apci == APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE.value:
                return MemoryExtendedWrite.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE_RESPONSE.value:
                return MemoryExtendedWriteResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ.value:
                return MemoryExtendedRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ_RESPONSE.value:
                return MemoryExtendedReadResponse.from_knx(raw)
            return ADCResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.MEMORY_READ.value:
            return MemoryRead.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.MEMORY_WRITE.value:
            return MemoryWrite.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.MEMORY_RESPONSE.value:
            return MemoryResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.USER_MESSAGE.value:
            if apci == APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_READ.value:
                return UserMemoryRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_RESPONSE.value:
                return UserMemoryResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_WRITE.value:
                return UserMemoryWrite.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_READ.value:
                return UserManufacturerInfoRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_RESPONSE.value:
                return UserManufacturerInfoResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_COMMAND.value:
                return FunctionPropertyCommand.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_READ.value:
                return FunctionPropertyStateRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_RESPONSE.value:
                return FunctionPropertyStateResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_READ.value:
            return DeviceDescriptorRead.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE.value:
            return DeviceDescriptorResponse.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.RESTART.value:
            return Restart.from_knx(raw)
        if service == APCIService.ESCAPE.value:
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.AUTHORIZE_REQUEST.value:
                return AuthorizeRequest.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.AUTHORIZE_RESPONSE.value:
                return AuthorizeResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_READ.value:
                return PropertyValueRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_WRITE.value:
                return PropertyValueWrite.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_RESPONSE.value:
                return PropertyValueResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_READ.value:
                return PropertyDescriptionRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_RESPONSE.value:
                return PropertyDescriptionResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_READ.value:
                return IndividualAddressSerialRead.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_RESPONSE.value:
                return IndividualAddressSerialResponse.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_WRITE.value:
                return IndividualAddressSerialWrite.from_knx(raw)
            if apci == APCIExtendedService.APCI_SEC.value:
                return SecureAPDU.from_knx(raw)

        raise ConversionError(f"Class not implemented for APCI {apci:#012b}.")


class GroupValueRead(APCI):
    """
    GroupValueRead service.

    Does not have any payload.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.GROUP_READ

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> GroupValueRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        # Nothing to parse, but must be implemented explicitly.
        return cls()

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return "<GroupValueRead />"


class GroupValueWrite(APCI):
    """
    GroupValueRead service.

    Takes a value (DPT) as payload.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.GROUP_WRITE

    def __init__(self, value: DPTBinary | DPTArray) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of GroupValueWrite."""
        self.value = value

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        if isinstance(self.value, DPTBinary):
            return 1
        return 1 + len(self.value.value)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> GroupValueWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        if len(raw) == 2:
            return cls(value=DPTBinary(raw[1] & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK))

        return cls(value=DPTArray(raw[2:]))

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if isinstance(self.value, DPTBinary):
            return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, encoded_payload=self.value.value)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, appended_payload=bytes(self.value.value)
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<GroupValueWrite value="{self.value}" />'


class GroupValueResponse(APCI):
    """
    GroupValueResponse service.

    Takes a value (DPT) as payload.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.GROUP_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, value: DPTBinary | DPTArray) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of GroupValueResponse."""
        self.value = value

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        if isinstance(self.value, DPTBinary):
            return 1
        return 1 + len(self.value.value)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> GroupValueResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        if len(raw) == 2:
            return cls(value=DPTBinary(raw[1] & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK))
        return cls(value=DPTArray(raw[2:]))

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if isinstance(self.value, DPTBinary):
            return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, encoded_payload=self.value.value)
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, appended_payload=bytes(self.value.value)
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<GroupValueResponse value="{self.value}" />'


class IndividualAddressWrite(APCI):
    """
    IndividualAddressWrite service.

    Payload contains the serial number and (new) address of the device.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_WRITE

    def __init__(self, address: IndividualAddress) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of IndividualAddressWrite."""
        self.address = address

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        (raw_address,) = struct.unpack("!H", raw[2:])
        return cls(address=IndividualAddress(raw_address))

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=self.address.to_knx())

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<IndividualAddressWrite address="{self.address}" />'


class IndividualAddressRead(APCI):
    """IndividualAddressRead service."""

    CODE = APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_READ

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        # Nothing to parse, but must be implemented explicitly.
        return cls()

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return "<IndividualAddressRead />"


class IndividualAddressResponse(APCI):
    """
    IndividualAddressResponse service.

    There is no payload, since the Telegram's source address is used as a
    response address.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_RESPONSE

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        # Nothing to parse, but must be implemented explicitly.
        return cls()

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return "<IndividualAddressResponse />"


class ADCRead(APCI):
    """
    ADCRead service.

    Payload contains the channel and number of samples to take.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.ADC_READ

    def __init__(self, channel: int, count: int = 1) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of ADCRead."""
        self.channel = channel
        self.count = count

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 2

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> ADCRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        channel, count = struct.unpack("!BB", raw[1:])

        return cls(
            channel=channel & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK,
            count=count,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack("!BB", self.channel, self.count)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=payload[0], appended_payload=payload[1:]
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<ADCRead channel="{self.channel}" count="{self.count}" />'


class ADCResponse(APCI):
    """
    ADCResponse service.

    Payload contains the channel, number of samples and value.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.ADC_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, channel: int, count: int = 1, value: int = 0) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of ADCResponse."""
        self.channel = channel
        self.count = count
        self.value = value

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> ADCResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        channel, count, value = struct.unpack("!BBH", raw[1:])

        return cls(
            channel=channel & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK,
            count=count,
            value=value,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack("!BBH", self.channel, self.count, self.value)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=payload[0], appended_payload=payload[1:]
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<ADCResponse channel="{self.channel}" count="{self.count}" value="{self.value}" />'


class MemoryExtendedWrite(APCI):
    """
    MemoryExtendedWrite service.

    Payload indicates address (16 MiB), count (1-255 bytes) and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE

    def __init__(self, address: int, data: bytes, count: int | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryExtendedWrite."""
        if count is None:
            count = len(data)
        self.address = address
        self.count = count
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryExtendedWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        count = raw[2]
        address = int.from_bytes(raw[3:6], "big")
        data = raw[6:]

        return cls(
            count=count,
            address=address,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 250:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BI{size}s", self.count, self.address, self.data)
        # suppress first byte of address
        payload = payload[:1] + payload[2:]

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, 0, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryExtendedWrite address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class MemoryExtendedWriteResponse(APCI):
    """
    MemoryExtendedWriteResponse service.

    Payload indicates return code, address (16 MiB) and confirmation data.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_WRITE_RESPONSE

    def __init__(
        self, return_code: int, address: int, confirmation_data: bytes = b""
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryExtendedWriteResponse."""
        self.return_code = return_code
        self.address = address
        self.confirmation_data = confirmation_data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5 + len(self.confirmation_data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryExtendedWriteResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        return_code = raw[2]
        address = int.from_bytes(raw[3:6], "big")
        confirmation_data = raw[6:]

        return cls(
            return_code=return_code,
            address=address,
            confirmation_data=confirmation_data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.return_code <= 255:
            raise ConversionError("Return code out of range.")

        size = len(self.confirmation_data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BI{size}s", self.return_code, self.address, self.confirmation_data
        )
        # suppress first byte of address
        payload = payload[:1] + payload[2:]

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, 0, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryExtendedWriteResponse return_code="{self.return_code}" address="{hex(self.address)}" confirmation_data="{self.confirmation_data.hex()}" />'


class MemoryExtendedRead(APCI):
    """
    MemoryExtendedRead service.

    Payload indicates count and address (16 MiB).
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ

    def __init__(self, count: int, address: int) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryExtendedRead."""
        self.count = count
        self.address = address

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryExtendedRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        count = raw[2]
        address = int.from_bytes(raw[3:6], "big")

        return cls(
            count=count,
            address=address,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 250:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        payload = struct.pack("!BI", self.count, self.address)
        # suppress first byte of address
        payload = payload[:1] + payload[2:]

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, 0, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return (
            f'<MemoryExtendedRead count="{self.count}" address="{hex(self.address)}" />'
        )


class MemoryExtendedReadResponse(APCI):
    """
    MemoryExtendedReadResponse service.

    Payload indicates return code, address (16 MiB) and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_EXTENDED_READ_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, return_code: int, address: int, data: bytes = b"") -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryExtendedReadResponse."""
        self.return_code = return_code
        self.address = address
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryExtendedReadResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        return_code = raw[2]
        address = int.from_bytes(raw[3:6], "big")
        data = raw[6:]

        return cls(
            return_code=return_code,
            address=address,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")

        if not 0 <= self.return_code <= 255:
            raise ConversionError("Return code out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BI{size}s", self.return_code, self.address, self.data)
        # suppress first byte of address
        payload = payload[:1] + payload[2:]

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, 0, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryExtendedReadResponse return_code="{self.return_code}" address="{hex(self.address)}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class MemoryRead(APCI):
    """
    MemoryRead service.

    Payload indicates address (64 KiB) and count (1-63 bytes).
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_READ

    def __init__(self, address: int, count: int = 1) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryRead."""
        self.address = address
        self.count = count

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        count, address = struct.unpack("!BH", raw[1:])

        return cls(
            address=address,
            count=count & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0x3F:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        payload = struct.pack("!BH", self.count, self.address)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=payload[0], appended_payload=payload[1:]
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryRead address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" />'


class MemoryWrite(APCI):
    """
    MemoryWrite service.

    Payload indicates address (64 KiB), count (1-63 bytes) and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_WRITE

    def __init__(self, address: int, data: bytes, count: int | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryWrite."""
        if count is None:
            count = len(data)
        self.address = address
        self.count = count
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 4

        count, address, data = struct.unpack(f"!BH{size}s", raw[1:])

        return cls(
            count=count & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK,
            address=address,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0x3F:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BH{size}s", self.count, self.address, self.data)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=payload[0], appended_payload=payload[1:]
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryWrite address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class MemoryResponse(APCI):
    """
    MemoryResponse service.

    Payload indicates address (64 KiB), count (1-63 bytes) and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.MEMORY_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, address: int, data: bytes, count: int | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of MemoryResponse."""
        if count is None:
            count = len(data)
        self.address = address
        self.count = count
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> MemoryResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 4

        count, address, data = struct.unpack(f"!BH{size}s", raw[1:])

        return cls(
            count=count & DPTBinary.APCI_BITMASK,
            address=address,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0x3F:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BH{size}s", self.count, self.address, self.data)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=payload[0], appended_payload=payload[1:]
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<MemoryResponse address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class DeviceDescriptorRead(APCI):
    """
    DeviceDescriptorRead service.

    Payload contains the descriptor.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_READ

    def __init__(self, descriptor: int = 0) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of DeviceDescriptorRead."""
        self.descriptor = descriptor

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> DeviceDescriptorRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        return cls(descriptor=raw[1] & 0x3F)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.descriptor <= 0x3F:
            raise ConversionError("Descriptor out of range.")

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, encoded_payload=self.descriptor)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<DeviceDescriptorRead descriptor="{self.descriptor}" />'


class DeviceDescriptorResponse(APCI):
    """
    DeviceDescriptorResponse service.

    Payload contains the descriptor and value.
    """

    CODE = APCIService.DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, descriptor: int = 0, value: int = 0) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of DeviceDescriptorResponse."""
        self.descriptor = descriptor
        self.value = value

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> DeviceDescriptorResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        descriptor, value = struct.unpack("!BH", raw[1:])

        return cls(descriptor=descriptor & 0x3F, value=value)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.descriptor <= 0x3F:
            raise ConversionError("Descriptor out of range.")

        payload = struct.pack("!H", self.value)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(
            self.CODE, encoded_payload=self.descriptor, appended_payload=payload
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<DeviceDescriptorResponse descriptor="{self.descriptor}" value="{self.value}" />'


class Restart(APCI):
    """
    Restart service.

    Does not take any payload.
    """

    # Requests a Basic Restart of the communication partner.
    # Master reset is not implemented yet.

    CODE = APCIService.RESTART

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> Restart:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        # Nothing to parse, but must be implemented explicitly.
        return cls()

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return "<Restart />"


class UserMemoryRead(APCI):
    """
    UserMemoryRead service.

    Payload indicates address (1 MiB) and count (1-15 bytes).
    """

    CODE = APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_READ

    def __init__(self, address: int = 0, count: int = 1) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of UserMemoryRead."""
        self.address = address
        self.count = count

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> UserMemoryRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        byte0, address = struct.unpack("!BH", raw[2:])

        return cls(
            count=byte0 & 0x0F,
            address=(((byte0 & 0xF0) >> 4) << 16) + address,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        byte0 = (((self.address & 0x0F0000) >> 16) << 4) | (self.count & 0x0F)
        address = self.address & 0xFFFF

        payload = struct.pack("!BH", byte0, address)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<UserMemoryRead address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" />'


class UserMemoryWrite(APCI):
    """
    UserMemoryWrite service.

    Payload indicates address (1 MiB), count and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_WRITE

    def __init__(self, address: int, data: bytes, count: int | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of UserMemoryWrite."""
        if count is None:
            count = len(data)
        self.address = address
        self.count = count
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> UserMemoryWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 5

        byte0, address, data = struct.unpack(f"!BH{size}s", raw[2:])

        return cls(
            address=(((byte0 & 0xF0) >> 4) << 16) + address,
            data=data,
            count=byte0 & 0x0F,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        byte0 = (((self.address & 0x0F0000) >> 16) << 4) | (self.count & 0x0F)
        address = self.address & 0xFFFF

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BH{size}s", byte0, address, self.data)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<UserMemoryWrite address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class UserMemoryResponse(APCI):
    """
    UserMemoryResponse service.

    Payload indicates address (1 MiB), count and data.
    """

    CODE = APCIUserService.USER_MEMORY_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, address: int, data: bytes, count: int | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of UserMemoryResponse."""
        if count is None:
            count = len(data)
        self.address = address
        self.count = count
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> UserMemoryResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 5

        byte0, address, data = struct.unpack(f"!BH{size}s", raw[2:])

        return cls(
            address=(((byte0 & 0xF0) >> 4) << 16) + address,
            data=data,
            count=byte0 & 0x0F,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.address <= 0xFFFFF:
            raise ConversionError("Address out of range.")
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        byte0 = (((self.address & 0x0F0000) >> 16) << 4) | (self.count & 0x0F)
        address = self.address & 0xFFFF

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(f"!BH{size}s", byte0, address, self.data)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<UserMemoryResponse address="{hex(self.address)}" count="{self.count}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class UserManufacturerInfoRead(APCI):
    """UserManufacturerInfoRead service."""

    CODE = APCIUserService.USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_READ

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 1

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> UserManufacturerInfoRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        # Nothing to parse, but must be implemented explicitly.
        return cls()

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return "<UserManufacturerInfoRead />"


class UserManufacturerInfoResponse(APCI):
    """UserManufacturerInfoResponse service."""

    CODE = APCIUserService.USER_MANUFACTURER_INFO_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, manufacturer_id: int = 0, data: bytes | None = None) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of UserManufacturerInfoResponse."""
        if data is None:
            data = bytes([0x00, 0x00])

        self.manufacturer_id = manufacturer_id
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> UserManufacturerInfoResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        manufacturer_id, data = struct.unpack("!B2s", raw[2:])
        return cls(manufacturer_id=manufacturer_id, data=data)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack("!B2s", self.manufacturer_id, self.data)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<UserManufacturerInfoResponse manufacturer_id="{self.manufacturer_id}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class FunctionPropertyCommand(APCI):
    """FunctionPropertyCommand service."""

    CODE = APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_COMMAND

    def __init__(
        self, object_index: int = 0, property_id: int = 0, data: bytes = b""
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of FunctionPropertyCommand."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> FunctionPropertyCommand:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 4
        object_index, property_id, data = struct.unpack(f"!BB{size}s", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BB{size}s", self.object_index, self.property_id, self.data
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<FunctionPropertyCommand object_index="{self.object_index}" property_id="{self.property_id}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class FunctionPropertyStateRead(APCI):
    """FunctionPropertyStateRead service."""

    CODE = APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_READ

    def __init__(
        self, object_index: int = 0, property_id: int = 0, data: bytes = b""
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of FunctionPropertyStateRead."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 3 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> FunctionPropertyStateRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 4
        object_index, property_id, data = struct.unpack(f"!BB{size}s", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BB{size}s", self.object_index, self.property_id, self.data
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<FunctionPropertyStateRead object_index="{self.object_index}" property_id="{self.property_id}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class FunctionPropertyStateResponse(APCI):
    """FunctionPropertyStateResponse service."""

    CODE = APCIUserService.FUNCTION_PROPERTY_STATE_RESPONSE

    def __init__(
        self,
        object_index: int = 0,
        property_id: int = 0,
        return_code: int = 0,
        data: bytes = b"",
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of FunctionPropertyStateResponse."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.return_code = return_code
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> FunctionPropertyStateResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 5
        (
            object_index,
            property_id,
            return_code,
            data,
        ) = struct.unpack(f"!BBB{size}s", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            return_code=return_code,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BBB{size}s",
            self.object_index,
            self.property_id,
            self.return_code,
            self.data,
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<FunctionPropertyStateResponse object_index="{self.object_index}" property_id="{self.property_id}" return_code="{self.return_code}" data="{self.data.hex()}" />'


class AuthorizeRequest(APCI):
    """AuthorizeRequest service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.AUTHORIZE_REQUEST

    def __init__(self, key: int = 0) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of AuthorizeRequest."""
        self.key = key

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 6

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> AuthorizeRequest:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        _, key = struct.unpack("!BI", raw[2:])
        return cls(key=key)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack("!BI", 0, self.key)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<AuthorizeRequest key="{self.key}" />'


class AuthorizeResponse(APCI):
    """AuthorizeResponse service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.AUTHORIZE_RESPONSE

    def __init__(self, level: int = 0) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of AuthorizeResponse."""
        self.level = level

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 2

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> AuthorizeResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        (level,) = struct.unpack("!B", raw[2:])
        return cls(level=level)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack("!B", self.level)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<AuthorizeResponse level="{self.level}"/>'


class PropertyValueRead(APCI):
    """
    PropertyValueRead service.

    Payload indicates object, property, count and start.
    """

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_READ

    def __init__(
        self,
        object_index: int = 0,
        property_id: int = 0,
        count: int = 1,
        start_index: int = 1,
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyValueRead."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.count = count
        self.start_index = start_index

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> PropertyValueRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        (
            object_index,
            property_id,
            count,
            start_index,
        ) = struct.unpack("!BBBB", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            count=count >> 4,
            start_index=(count & 0xF) * 256 + start_index,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        payload = struct.pack(
            "!BBBB",
            self.object_index,
            self.property_id,
            (self.count << 4) + (self.start_index >> 8),
            self.start_index & 0xFF,
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return (
            "<PropertyValueRead "
            f'object_index="{self.object_index}" '
            f'property_id="{self.property_id}" '
            f'count="{self.count}" '
            f'start_index="{self.start_index}" '
            "/>"
        )


class PropertyValueWrite(APCI):
    """
    PropertyValueWrite service.

    Payload indicates object, property, count, start and data itself.
    """

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_WRITE

    def __init__(
        self,
        object_index: int = 0,
        property_id: int = 0,
        count: int = 1,
        start_index: int = 0,
        data: bytes = b"",
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyValueWrite."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.count = count
        self.start_index = start_index
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5 + len(self.data)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BBBB{size}s",
            self.object_index,
            self.property_id,
            (self.count << 4) + (self.start_index >> 8),
            self.start_index & 0xFF,
            self.data,
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> PropertyValueWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 6
        (
            object_index,
            property_id,
            count,
            start_index,
            data,
        ) = struct.unpack(f"!BBBB{size}s", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            count=count >> 4,
            start_index=(count & 0xF) * 256 + start_index,
            data=data,
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return (
            "<PropertyValueWrite "
            f'object_index="{self.object_index}" '
            f'property_id="{self.property_id}" '
            f'count="{self.count}" '
            f'start_index="{self.start_index}" '
            f'data="{self.data.hex()}" '
            "/>"
        )


class PropertyValueResponse(APCI):
    """
    PropertyValueResponse service.

    Payload indicates object, property, count, start and data itself. Size of
    the payload depends on the data.
    """

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_VALUE_RESPONSE

    def __init__(
        self,
        object_index: int = 0,
        property_id: int = 0,
        count: int = 1,
        start_index: int = 0,
        data: bytes = b"",
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyValueResponse."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.count = count
        self.start_index = start_index
        self.data = data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 5 + len(self.data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> PropertyValueResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        size = len(raw) - 6
        (
            object_index,
            property_id,
            count,
            start_index,
            data,
        ) = struct.unpack(f"!BBBB{size}s", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            count=count >> 4,
            start_index=(count & 0xF) * 256 + start_index,
            data=data,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.count <= 0xF:
            raise ConversionError("Count out of range.")

        size = len(self.data)
        payload = struct.pack(
            f"!BBBB{size}s",
            self.object_index,
            self.property_id,
            (self.count << 4) + (self.start_index >> 8),
            self.start_index & 0xFF,
            self.data,
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return (
            "<PropertyValueResponse "
            f'object_index="{self.object_index}" '
            f'property_id="{self.property_id}" '
            f'count="{self.count}" '
            f'start_index="{self.start_index}" '
            f'data="{self.data.hex()}" '
            "/>"
        )


class PropertyDescriptionRead(APCI):
    """PropertyDescriptionRead service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_READ

    def __init__(
        self, object_index: int = 0, property_id: int = 0, property_index: int = 0
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyDescriptionRead."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.property_index = property_index

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 4

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> PropertyDescriptionRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        object_index, property_id, property_index = struct.unpack("!BBB", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            property_index=property_index,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = struct.pack(
            "!BBB", self.object_index, self.property_id, self.property_index
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<PropertyDescriptionRead object_index="{self.object_index}" property_id="{self.property_id}" property_index="{self.property_index}" />'


class PropertyDescriptionResponse(APCI):
    """PropertyDescriptionResponse service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION_RESPONSE

    def __init__(
        self,
        object_index: int = 0,
        property_id: int = 0,
        property_index: int = 0,
        type_: int = 0,
        max_count: int = 1,
        access: int = 0,
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyDescriptionRead."""
        self.object_index = object_index
        self.property_id = property_id
        self.property_index = property_index
        self.type = type_
        self.max_count = max_count
        self.access = access

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 8

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> PropertyDescriptionResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        (
            object_index,
            property_id,
            property_index,
            type_,
            max_count,
            access,
        ) = struct.unpack("!BBBBHB", raw[2:])

        return cls(
            object_index=object_index,
            property_id=property_id,
            property_index=property_index,
            type_=type_,
            max_count=max_count & 0x0FFF,
            access=access,
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if not 0 <= self.max_count <= 0x0FFF:
            raise ConversionError("Max count out of range.")

        payload = struct.pack(
            "!BBBBHB",
            self.object_index,
            self.property_id,
            self.property_index,
            self.type,
            self.max_count & 0x0FFF,
            self.access,
        )

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<PropertyDescriptionResponse object_index="{self.object_index}" property_id="{self.property_id}" property_index="{self.property_index}" type="{self.type}" max_count="{self.max_count}" access="{self.access}" />'


class IndividualAddressSerialRead(APCI):
    """IndividualAddressSerialRead service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_READ

    def __init__(self, serial: bytes) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of PropertyDescriptionRead."""
        self.serial = serial

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 7

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressSerialRead:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        (serial,) = struct.unpack("!6s", raw[2:])
        return cls(serial=serial)

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if len(self.serial) != 6:
            raise ConversionError("Serial must be 6 bytes.")

        payload = struct.pack("!6s", self.serial)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<IndividualAddressSerialRead serial="{self.serial.hex()}" />'


class IndividualAddressSerialResponse(APCI):
    """IndividualAddressSerialResponse service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_RESPONSE

    def __init__(
        self,
        serial: bytes,
        address: IndividualAddress,
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of IndividualAddressSerialResponse."""
        self.serial = serial
        self.address = address

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 11

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressSerialResponse:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        serial, raw_address, _ = struct.unpack("!6sHH", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            serial=serial,
            address=IndividualAddress(raw_address),
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if len(self.serial) != 6:
            raise ConversionError("Serial must be 6 bytes.")

        payload = struct.pack("!6s2sH", self.serial, self.address.to_knx(), 0)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<IndividualAddressSerialResponse serial="{self.serial.hex()}" address="{self.address}" />'


class IndividualAddressSerialWrite(APCI):
    """IndividualAddressSerialWrite service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.INDIVIDUAL_ADDRESS_SERIAL_WRITE

    def __init__(
        self,
        serial: bytes,
        address: IndividualAddress,
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of IndividualAddressSerialWrite."""
        self.serial = serial
        self.address = address

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 13

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> IndividualAddressSerialWrite:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        serial, raw_address, _ = struct.unpack("!6sHI", raw[2:])
        return cls(
            serial=serial,
            address=IndividualAddress(raw_address),
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        if len(self.serial) != 6:
            raise ConversionError("Serial must be 6 bytes.")

        payload = struct.pack("!6s2sI", self.serial, self.address.to_knx(), 0)

        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<IndividualAddressSerialWrite serial="{self.serial.hex()}" address="{self.address}" />'


class SecureAPDU(APCI):
    """SecureAPDU service."""

    CODE = APCIExtendedService.APCI_SEC

    def __init__(self, scf: SecurityControlField, secured_data: SecureData) -> None:
        """Initialize a new instance of AuthorizeRequest."""
        self.scf = scf
        self.secured_data = secured_data

    def calculated_length(self) -> int:
        """Get length of APCI payload."""
        return 2 + len(self.secured_data)

    @classmethod
    def from_knx(cls, raw: bytes) -> SecureAPDU:
        """Parse/deserialize from KNX/IP raw data."""
        return cls(
            scf=SecurityControlField.from_knx(raw[2]),
            secured_data=SecureData.from_knx(raw[3:]),
        )

    def to_knx(self) -> bytearray:
        """Serialize to KNX/IP raw data."""
        payload = self.scf.to_knx() + self.secured_data.to_knx()
        return encode_cmd_and_payload(self.CODE, appended_payload=payload)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return object as readable string."""
        return f'<SecureAPDU scf="{self.scf}" secured_data={self.secured_data!r} />'